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Question 3

The image shows the Hawaiian Islands, which are a chain of volcanic islands. The chain is formed by a volcanic hotspot. A volcanic hotspot is an area in the mantle where heat rises as a thermal plume from deep in the Earth. High heat and lower pressure at the base of the lithosphere (the rigid outer layer of the Earth) facilitates melting of the rock. This melt, called magma, rises through cracks and erupts onto the surface to form volcanoes. As the tectonic plate moves over the hotspot, a chain of volcanoes is formed.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

• Volcanic Hotspot

Question 4

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Question 3

Yes, I am sure about the answer to Question 3. The Hawaiian Islands are a classic example of a volcanic hotspot. Here's why:

• Volcanic Hotspot: The Hawaiian Islands are formed by a stationary plume of magma rising from deep within the Earth's mantle. As the Pacific Plate moves over this hotspot, volcanoes are formed. Over millions of years, this process creates a chain of islands, with the oldest islands located furthest from the hotspot and the youngest islands (like the Big Island of Hawaii) located directly over it.

The other options are incorrect because:

• Subduction Zone - Ocean Trench: These are associated with the collision of tectonic plates, where one plate slides beneath another. This process typically forms deep ocean trenches and volcanic arcs, not linear island chains like Hawaii.
• Divergent - Mid Ocean Ridge: These are formed where tectonic plates are moving apart, allowing magma to rise and create new oceanic crust. This process creates underwater mountain ranges, not island chains.
• Continental Collision: This occurs when two continental plates collide, resulting in the formation of mountain ranges. This process is not related to the formation of the Hawaiian Islands.

Therefore, the correct answer is:

• Volcanic Hotspot

Question 4

Unfortunately, Question 4 is still cut off in the image. Please provide the full question and the answer choices so I can help you answer it.